Infraestruturas de Portugal (IP) is the Portuguese public company holding a long term concession contract of the national road and rail infrastructures in Portugal. IP manages around 14,000 km of roads and over 2,500 km of railways providing a public service in areas such as funding, maintenance, operation and development of the Road and Rail Networks. Environmental sustainability is one important goal of IP and is incorporated in IP’s procedures. IP recognizes habitat fragmentation and mortality as a major threat to biodiversity and has included Fauna Roadkills in its Environmental Indicators. In this context, IP has implemented a National Program for Fauna Roadkills Monitoring, which is executed by several road inspectors, with a weekly periodicity. The results are integrated in a database and analyses are made annually, to find hotspots. Each hotspot is observed more closely in order to identify solutions to mitigate the mortality. Priorities are defined by criteria concerning the frequency of each hotspot and ecological value of the affected species. The results of the Program are also used to establish the need of considering preventing measures in the projects for improvement and maintenance of existing roads. The Program has methodological constrains in what concerns the data collection. Moreover, implementing the best solutions is not always possible due to project constrains. Articulation between project demands, human safety and biodiversity protection, along with a strategic, broad and integrated perspective, is the key to achieve optimized and viable solutions.