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Modificado el valor del campo
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a2026-06-25
en Expansion of alien invasive plants along the roadside: a remote sensing approach. -
Modificado el valor del campo
modified
del recurso Acceso al recurso a2026-06-25
(anteriormente2026-06-23
) en Expansion of alien invasive plants along the roadside: a remote sensing approach.
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| 81 | "notes": "Invasions by alien species are among the most important | 95 | "notes": "Invasions by alien species are among the most important | ||
| 82 | threats to biodiversity, ecosystems and human well-being. The extent | 96 | threats to biodiversity, ecosystems and human well-being. The extent | ||
| 83 | of their negative impacts demands a considerable effort to monitor the | 97 | of their negative impacts demands a considerable effort to monitor the | ||
| 84 | invasion status and territorial susceptibility to implement prevention | 98 | invasion status and territorial susceptibility to implement prevention | ||
| 85 | and mitigation measures. Remote sensing (RS) is an important tool for | 99 | and mitigation measures. Remote sensing (RS) is an important tool for | ||
| 86 | large-scale ecological studies, gathering information in a constant, | 100 | large-scale ecological studies, gathering information in a constant, | ||
| 87 | consistent and repeatable manner over large areas. Therefore, in | 101 | consistent and repeatable manner over large areas. Therefore, in | ||
| 88 | recent years RS has been applied as an efficient approach to assess | 102 | recent years RS has been applied as an efficient approach to assess | ||
| 89 | and monitor the dynamics of invasive plant species, including their | 103 | and monitor the dynamics of invasive plant species, including their | ||
| 90 | expansion along the roadside. This study aims to describe the | 104 | expansion along the roadside. This study aims to describe the | ||
| 91 | spatiotemporal distribution patterns of several invasive plant species | 105 | spatiotemporal distribution patterns of several invasive plant species | ||
| 92 | (Acacia dealbata, A. melanoxylon, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ailanthus | 106 | (Acacia dealbata, A. melanoxylon, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ailanthus | ||
| 93 | altissima, and Arundo donax) along the roadside, in one of the main | 107 | altissima, and Arundo donax) along the roadside, in one of the main | ||
| 94 | transport/energy corridors that links Portugal to Spain. Our goal is | 108 | transport/energy corridors that links Portugal to Spain. Our goal is | ||
| 95 | to develop a methodology that can support preventive protocols and | 109 | to develop a methodology that can support preventive protocols and | ||
| 96 | invasion control measures to be adopted in this kind of | 110 | invasion control measures to be adopted in this kind of | ||
| 97 | infrastructures. We analysed a set of multi-temporal aerial photos | 111 | infrastructures. We analysed a set of multi-temporal aerial photos | ||
| 98 | from 1995, 2010 and 2016. Aerial photos for 2016 were acquired in the | 112 | from 1995, 2010 and 2016. Aerial photos for 2016 were acquired in the | ||
| 99 | framework of the project Life LINES - \u201cLinear Infrastructure | 113 | framework of the project Life LINES - \u201cLinear Infrastructure | ||
| 100 | Networks with Ecological Solutions\u201d. We conducted a field survey | 114 | Networks with Ecological Solutions\u201d. We conducted a field survey | ||
| 101 | to obtain training data of the invasive plant species along the | 115 | to obtain training data of the invasive plant species along the | ||
| 102 | roadsides of the study area with the aid of a real-time kinematic | 116 | roadsides of the study area with the aid of a real-time kinematic | ||
| 103 | (RTK) GPS receiver. The aerial photos were segmented using the | 117 | (RTK) GPS receiver. The aerial photos were segmented using the | ||
| 104 | multiresolution algorithm and an object-oriented classification | 118 | multiresolution algorithm and an object-oriented classification | ||
| 105 | (Nearest Neighbour classifier) in eCognition Developer software. We | 119 | (Nearest Neighbour classifier) in eCognition Developer software. We | ||
| 106 | conducted two sequential classifications. The first classification was | 120 | conducted two sequential classifications. The first classification was | ||
| 107 | used to eliminate the objects of the image without interest for the | 121 | used to eliminate the objects of the image without interest for the | ||
| 108 | study of the invasive plants. The second classification was performed | 122 | study of the invasive plants. The second classification was performed | ||
| 109 | to identify invasive plant species. The classification accuracy was | 123 | to identify invasive plant species. The classification accuracy was | ||
| 110 | assessed using a confusion matrix and the overall accuracy (OA) and | 124 | assessed using a confusion matrix and the overall accuracy (OA) and | ||
| 111 | Kappa Index of Agreement (KIA) metrics. To analyse the expansion of | 125 | Kappa Index of Agreement (KIA) metrics. To analyse the expansion of | ||
| 112 | the invasive species along the roadside, we built a model based on the | 126 | the invasive species along the roadside, we built a model based on the | ||
| 113 | maximum entropy approach (MAXENT). Finally, we identified areas that | 127 | maximum entropy approach (MAXENT). Finally, we identified areas that | ||
| 114 | are more susceptible to invasion to assist prevention, detection and | 128 | are more susceptible to invasion to assist prevention, detection and | ||
| 115 | early intervention directed to control/elimination, as well as to | 129 | early intervention directed to control/elimination, as well as to | ||
| 116 | produce an updated distribution of these invasive species. In general, | 130 | produce an updated distribution of these invasive species. In general, | ||
| 117 | the cover of invasive species increased in the study sites between | 131 | the cover of invasive species increased in the study sites between | ||
| 118 | 1995 and 2016. In the last six years (2010-2016), A. donax expanded | 132 | 1995 and 2016. In the last six years (2010-2016), A. donax expanded | ||
| 119 | more than the other invasive species. During this period, some | 133 | more than the other invasive species. During this period, some | ||
| 120 | invasive trees were cut along the roadside, suggesting localised | 134 | invasive trees were cut along the roadside, suggesting localised | ||
| 121 | management. The probability of expansion of invasive species along the | 135 | management. The probability of expansion of invasive species along the | ||
| 122 | roadside is reduced when there is control of the ditches, with an | 136 | roadside is reduced when there is control of the ditches, with an | ||
| 123 | exception for A. donax. In conclusion, in this study, we could observe | 137 | exception for A. donax. In conclusion, in this study, we could observe | ||
| 124 | how invasive species expanded along the roadside between 1995 and | 138 | how invasive species expanded along the roadside between 1995 and | ||
| 125 | 2016. The use of species distribution modelling will help to assess | 139 | 2016. The use of species distribution modelling will help to assess | ||
| 126 | the susceptibility of a territory to invasion. In the light of | 140 | the susceptibility of a territory to invasion. In the light of | ||
| 127 | maintenance effectiveness, RS is a good approach to help in the | 141 | maintenance effectiveness, RS is a good approach to help in the | ||
| 128 | development of well-planned management of invasive species that spans | 142 | development of well-planned management of invasive species that spans | ||
| 129 | from anticipation/prevention to control/confinement and even local | 143 | from anticipation/prevention to control/confinement and even local | ||
| 130 | eradication.", | 144 | eradication.", | ||
| 131 | "notes_translated": { | 145 | "notes_translated": { | ||
| 132 | "en": "Invasions by alien species are among the most important | 146 | "en": "Invasions by alien species are among the most important | ||
| 133 | threats to biodiversity, ecosystems and human well-being. The extent | 147 | threats to biodiversity, ecosystems and human well-being. The extent | ||
| 134 | of their negative impacts demands a considerable effort to monitor the | 148 | of their negative impacts demands a considerable effort to monitor the | ||
| 135 | invasion status and territorial susceptibility to implement prevention | 149 | invasion status and territorial susceptibility to implement prevention | ||
| 136 | and mitigation measures. Remote sensing (RS) is an important tool for | 150 | and mitigation measures. Remote sensing (RS) is an important tool for | ||
| 137 | large-scale ecological studies, gathering information in a constant, | 151 | large-scale ecological studies, gathering information in a constant, | ||
| 138 | consistent and repeatable manner over large areas. Therefore, in | 152 | consistent and repeatable manner over large areas. Therefore, in | ||
| 139 | recent years RS has been applied as an efficient approach to | 153 | recent years RS has been applied as an efficient approach to | ||
| 140 | assess\nand monitor the dynamics of invasive plant species, including | 154 | assess\nand monitor the dynamics of invasive plant species, including | ||
| 141 | their expansion along the roadside. This study aims to describe the | 155 | their expansion along the roadside. This study aims to describe the | ||
| 142 | spatiotemporal distribution patterns of several invasive plant species | 156 | spatiotemporal distribution patterns of several invasive plant species | ||
| 143 | (Acacia dealbata, A. melanoxylon, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ailanthus | 157 | (Acacia dealbata, A. melanoxylon, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ailanthus | ||
| 144 | altissima, and Arundo donax) along the roadside, in one of the main | 158 | altissima, and Arundo donax) along the roadside, in one of the main | ||
| 145 | transport/energy corridors that links Portugal to Spain. Our goal is | 159 | transport/energy corridors that links Portugal to Spain. Our goal is | ||
| 146 | to develop a methodology that can support preventive protocols and | 160 | to develop a methodology that can support preventive protocols and | ||
| 147 | invasion control measures to be adopted in this kind of | 161 | invasion control measures to be adopted in this kind of | ||
| 148 | infrastructures. We analysed a set of multi-temporal aerial photos | 162 | infrastructures. We analysed a set of multi-temporal aerial photos | ||
| 149 | from 1995, 2010 and 2016. Aerial photos for 2016 were acquired in the | 163 | from 1995, 2010 and 2016. Aerial photos for 2016 were acquired in the | ||
| 150 | framework of the project Life LINES - \u201cLinear Infrastructure | 164 | framework of the project Life LINES - \u201cLinear Infrastructure | ||
| 151 | Networks with Ecological Solutions\u201d. We conducted a field survey | 165 | Networks with Ecological Solutions\u201d. We conducted a field survey | ||
| 152 | to\nobtain training data of the invasive plant species along the | 166 | to\nobtain training data of the invasive plant species along the | ||
| 153 | roadsides of the study area with the aid of a real-time kinematic | 167 | roadsides of the study area with the aid of a real-time kinematic | ||
| 154 | (RTK) GPS receiver. The aerial photos were segmented using the | 168 | (RTK) GPS receiver. The aerial photos were segmented using the | ||
| 155 | multiresolution algorithm and an object-oriented classification | 169 | multiresolution algorithm and an object-oriented classification | ||
| 156 | (Nearest Neighbour classifier) in eCognition Developer software. We | 170 | (Nearest Neighbour classifier) in eCognition Developer software. We | ||
| 157 | conducted two sequential classifications. The first classification was | 171 | conducted two sequential classifications. The first classification was | ||
| 158 | used to eliminate the objects of the image without interest for the | 172 | used to eliminate the objects of the image without interest for the | ||
| 159 | study of the invasive plants. The second classification was performed | 173 | study of the invasive plants. The second classification was performed | ||
| 160 | to identify invasive plant species. The classification accuracy was | 174 | to identify invasive plant species. The classification accuracy was | ||
| 161 | assessed using a confusion matrix and the overall accuracy (OA) and | 175 | assessed using a confusion matrix and the overall accuracy (OA) and | ||
| 162 | Kappa Index of Agreement (KIA) metrics. To analyse the expansion of | 176 | Kappa Index of Agreement (KIA) metrics. To analyse the expansion of | ||
| 163 | the invasive species along the roadside, we built a model based | 177 | the invasive species along the roadside, we built a model based | ||
| 164 | on\nthe maximum entropy approach (MAXENT). Finally, we identified | 178 | on\nthe maximum entropy approach (MAXENT). Finally, we identified | ||
| 165 | areas that are more susceptible to invasion to assist prevention, | 179 | areas that are more susceptible to invasion to assist prevention, | ||
| 166 | detection and early intervention directed to control/elimination, as | 180 | detection and early intervention directed to control/elimination, as | ||
| 167 | well as to produce an updated distribution of these invasive species. | 181 | well as to produce an updated distribution of these invasive species. | ||
| 168 | In general, the cover of invasive species increased in the study sites | 182 | In general, the cover of invasive species increased in the study sites | ||
| 169 | between 1995 and 2016. In the last six years (2010-2016), A. donax | 183 | between 1995 and 2016. In the last six years (2010-2016), A. donax | ||
| 170 | expanded more than the other invasive species. During this period, | 184 | expanded more than the other invasive species. During this period, | ||
| 171 | some invasive trees were cut along the roadside, suggesting localised | 185 | some invasive trees were cut along the roadside, suggesting localised | ||
| 172 | management. The probability of expansion of invasive species along the | 186 | management. The probability of expansion of invasive species along the | ||
| 173 | roadside is reduced when there is control of the ditches, with an | 187 | roadside is reduced when there is control of the ditches, with an | ||
| 174 | exception for A. donax. In conclusion, in this study, we could observe | 188 | exception for A. donax. In conclusion, in this study, we could observe | ||
| 175 | how invasive species expanded along the roadside between\n1995 and | 189 | how invasive species expanded along the roadside between\n1995 and | ||
| 176 | 2016. The use of species distribution modelling will help to assess | 190 | 2016. The use of species distribution modelling will help to assess | ||
| 177 | the susceptibility of a territory to invasion. In the light of | 191 | the susceptibility of a territory to invasion. In the light of | ||
| 178 | maintenance effectiveness, RS is a good approach to help in the | 192 | maintenance effectiveness, RS is a good approach to help in the | ||
| 179 | development of well-planned management of invasive species that spans | 193 | development of well-planned management of invasive species that spans | ||
| 180 | from anticipation/prevention to control/confinement and even local | 194 | from anticipation/prevention to control/confinement and even local | ||
| 181 | eradication.", | 195 | eradication.", | ||
| 182 | "es": "Invasions by alien species are among the most important | 196 | "es": "Invasions by alien species are among the most important | ||
| 183 | threats to biodiversity, ecosystems and human well-being. The extent | 197 | threats to biodiversity, ecosystems and human well-being. The extent | ||
| 184 | of their negative impacts demands a considerable effort to monitor the | 198 | of their negative impacts demands a considerable effort to monitor the | ||
| 185 | invasion status and territorial susceptibility to implement prevention | 199 | invasion status and territorial susceptibility to implement prevention | ||
| 186 | and mitigation measures. Remote sensing (RS) is an important tool for | 200 | and mitigation measures. Remote sensing (RS) is an important tool for | ||
| 187 | large-scale ecological studies, gathering information in a constant, | 201 | large-scale ecological studies, gathering information in a constant, | ||
| 188 | consistent and repeatable manner over large areas. Therefore, in | 202 | consistent and repeatable manner over large areas. Therefore, in | ||
| 189 | recent years RS has been applied as an efficient approach to assess | 203 | recent years RS has been applied as an efficient approach to assess | ||
| 190 | and monitor the dynamics of invasive plant species, including their | 204 | and monitor the dynamics of invasive plant species, including their | ||
| 191 | expansion along the roadside. This study aims to describe the | 205 | expansion along the roadside. This study aims to describe the | ||
| 192 | spatiotemporal distribution patterns of several invasive plant species | 206 | spatiotemporal distribution patterns of several invasive plant species | ||
| 193 | (Acacia dealbata, A. melanoxylon, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ailanthus | 207 | (Acacia dealbata, A. melanoxylon, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ailanthus | ||
| 194 | altissima, and Arundo donax) along the roadside, in one of the main | 208 | altissima, and Arundo donax) along the roadside, in one of the main | ||
| 195 | transport/energy corridors that links Portugal to Spain. Our goal is | 209 | transport/energy corridors that links Portugal to Spain. Our goal is | ||
| 196 | to develop a methodology that can support preventive protocols and | 210 | to develop a methodology that can support preventive protocols and | ||
| 197 | invasion control measures to be adopted in this kind of | 211 | invasion control measures to be adopted in this kind of | ||
| 198 | infrastructures. We analysed a set of multi-temporal aerial photos | 212 | infrastructures. We analysed a set of multi-temporal aerial photos | ||
| 199 | from 1995, 2010 and 2016. Aerial photos for 2016 were acquired in the | 213 | from 1995, 2010 and 2016. Aerial photos for 2016 were acquired in the | ||
| 200 | framework of the project Life LINES - \u201cLinear Infrastructure | 214 | framework of the project Life LINES - \u201cLinear Infrastructure | ||
| 201 | Networks with Ecological Solutions\u201d. We conducted a field survey | 215 | Networks with Ecological Solutions\u201d. We conducted a field survey | ||
| 202 | to obtain training data of the invasive plant species along the | 216 | to obtain training data of the invasive plant species along the | ||
| 203 | roadsides of the study area with the aid of a real-time kinematic | 217 | roadsides of the study area with the aid of a real-time kinematic | ||
| 204 | (RTK) GPS receiver. The aerial photos were segmented using the | 218 | (RTK) GPS receiver. The aerial photos were segmented using the | ||
| 205 | multiresolution algorithm and an object-oriented classification | 219 | multiresolution algorithm and an object-oriented classification | ||
| 206 | (Nearest Neighbour classifier) in eCognition Developer software. We | 220 | (Nearest Neighbour classifier) in eCognition Developer software. We | ||
| 207 | conducted two sequential classifications. The first classification was | 221 | conducted two sequential classifications. The first classification was | ||
| 208 | used to eliminate the objects of the image without interest for the | 222 | used to eliminate the objects of the image without interest for the | ||
| 209 | study of the invasive plants. The second classification was performed | 223 | study of the invasive plants. The second classification was performed | ||
| 210 | to identify invasive plant species. The classification accuracy was | 224 | to identify invasive plant species. The classification accuracy was | ||
| 211 | assessed using a confusion matrix and the overall accuracy (OA) and | 225 | assessed using a confusion matrix and the overall accuracy (OA) and | ||
| 212 | Kappa Index of Agreement (KIA) metrics. To analyse the expansion of | 226 | Kappa Index of Agreement (KIA) metrics. To analyse the expansion of | ||
| 213 | the invasive species along the roadside, we built a model based on the | 227 | the invasive species along the roadside, we built a model based on the | ||
| 214 | maximum entropy approach (MAXENT). Finally, we identified areas that | 228 | maximum entropy approach (MAXENT). Finally, we identified areas that | ||
| 215 | are more susceptible to invasion to assist prevention, detection and | 229 | are more susceptible to invasion to assist prevention, detection and | ||
| 216 | early intervention directed to control/elimination, as well as to | 230 | early intervention directed to control/elimination, as well as to | ||
| 217 | produce an updated distribution of these invasive species. In general, | 231 | produce an updated distribution of these invasive species. In general, | ||
| 218 | the cover of invasive species increased in the study sites between | 232 | the cover of invasive species increased in the study sites between | ||
| 219 | 1995 and 2016. In the last six years (2010-2016), A. donax expanded | 233 | 1995 and 2016. In the last six years (2010-2016), A. donax expanded | ||
| 220 | more than the other invasive species. During this period, some | 234 | more than the other invasive species. During this period, some | ||
| 221 | invasive trees were cut along the roadside, suggesting localised | 235 | invasive trees were cut along the roadside, suggesting localised | ||
| 222 | management. The probability of expansion of invasive species along the | 236 | management. The probability of expansion of invasive species along the | ||
| 223 | roadside is reduced when there is control of the ditches, with an | 237 | roadside is reduced when there is control of the ditches, with an | ||
| 224 | exception for A. donax. In conclusion, in this study, we could observe | 238 | exception for A. donax. In conclusion, in this study, we could observe | ||
| 225 | how invasive species expanded along the roadside between 1995 and | 239 | how invasive species expanded along the roadside between 1995 and | ||
| 226 | 2016. The use of species distribution modelling will help to assess | 240 | 2016. The use of species distribution modelling will help to assess | ||
| 227 | the susceptibility of a territory to invasion. In the light of | 241 | the susceptibility of a territory to invasion. In the light of | ||
| 228 | maintenance effectiveness, RS is a good approach to help in the | 242 | maintenance effectiveness, RS is a good approach to help in the | ||
| 229 | development of well-planned management of invasive species that spans | 243 | development of well-planned management of invasive species that spans | ||
| 230 | from anticipation/prevention to control/confinement and even local | 244 | from anticipation/prevention to control/confinement and even local | ||
| 231 | eradication." | 245 | eradication." | ||
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