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En el instante 23 de junio de 2026, 16:08:19 UTC,
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Modificado el valor del campo
spatial_coverage
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en Road effects on bat activity depend on surrounding habitat type.
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| 81 | "notes": "The effects of roads on bats are still a poorly documented | 81 | "notes": "The effects of roads on bats are still a poorly documented | ||
| 82 | issue. Most of the available research focuses on large and | 82 | issue. Most of the available research focuses on large and | ||
| 83 | high-traffic highways, while low-medium-traffic roads are often | 83 | high-traffic highways, while low-medium-traffic roads are often | ||
| 84 | assumed to have negligible impacts. However, small roads are | 84 | assumed to have negligible impacts. However, small roads are | ||
| 85 | ubiquitous in landscapes around the world. We examined the effects of | 85 | ubiquitous in landscapes around the world. We examined the effects of | ||
| 86 | these roads, as well as habitat types, on the activity of three bat | 86 | these roads, as well as habitat types, on the activity of three bat | ||
| 87 | guilds (short-, mid- and long-range echolocators) and the most common | 87 | guilds (short-, mid- and long-range echolocators) and the most common | ||
| 88 | bat species Pipistrellus kuhlii. We performed three bat acoustic | 88 | bat species Pipistrellus kuhlii. We performed three bat acoustic | ||
| 89 | surveys between May and October 2015, with these surveys being | 89 | surveys between May and October 2015, with these surveys being | ||
| 90 | performed along twenty transects that were each 1000 m long and | 90 | performed along twenty transects that were each 1000 m long and | ||
| 91 | perpendicular to three roads with different traffic volumes. The | 91 | perpendicular to three roads with different traffic volumes. The | ||
| 92 | surveys were performed in dense Mediterranean woodland | 92 | surveys were performed in dense Mediterranean woodland | ||
| 93 | (\u201cmontado\u201d) and open agricultural field habitats, which were | 93 | (\u201cmontado\u201d) and open agricultural field habitats, which were | ||
| 94 | the two dominant land uses. At each transect, bat activity was | 94 | the two dominant land uses. At each transect, bat activity was | ||
| 95 | simultaneously registered at 0, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 m from the | 95 | simultaneously registered at 0, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 m from the | ||
| 96 | road with the use of an ultrasound recorder. According to the | 96 | road with the use of an ultrasound recorder. According to the | ||
| 97 | generalized linear mixed effects models, the overall activity of bats | 97 | generalized linear mixed effects models, the overall activity of bats | ||
| 98 | and of the short- and mid-range echolocators increased with increased | 98 | and of the short- and mid-range echolocators increased with increased | ||
| 99 | distance from the roads and was dependent on the surrounding habitats. | 99 | distance from the roads and was dependent on the surrounding habitats. | ||
| 100 | In contrast, the long-range echolocators and P. kuhlii were more | 100 | In contrast, the long-range echolocators and P. kuhlii were more | ||
| 101 | tolerant to road. Our results also show that the activity was higher | 101 | tolerant to road. Our results also show that the activity was higher | ||
| 102 | in woodland areas, however road verges seem to be a significant | 102 | in woodland areas, however road verges seem to be a significant | ||
| 103 | habitat in an open agricultural landscape. The major negative effects | 103 | habitat in an open agricultural landscape. The major negative effects | ||
| 104 | extended to approximately 300 m from the roads in woodlands and | 104 | extended to approximately 300 m from the roads in woodlands and | ||
| 105 | penetrate further into the open field (>500 m). The management of | 105 | penetrate further into the open field (>500 m). The management of | ||
| 106 | roadside vegetation, combined with the bat habitat improvement in | 106 | roadside vegetation, combined with the bat habitat improvement in | ||
| 107 | areas that are further from the roads, may mitigate the negative | 107 | areas that are further from the roads, may mitigate the negative | ||
| 108 | effects. To make road-dominated landscapes safer for bats, the | 108 | effects. To make road-dominated landscapes safer for bats, the | ||
| 109 | transport agencies need to balance the trade-offs between habitat | 109 | transport agencies need to balance the trade-offs between habitat | ||
| 110 | management and road kill risk.", | 110 | management and road kill risk.", | ||
| 111 | "notes_translated": { | 111 | "notes_translated": { | ||
| 112 | "en": "The effects of roads on bats are still a poorly documented | 112 | "en": "The effects of roads on bats are still a poorly documented | ||
| 113 | issue. Most of the available research focuses on large and | 113 | issue. Most of the available research focuses on large and | ||
| 114 | high-traffic highways, while low-medium-traffic roads are often | 114 | high-traffic highways, while low-medium-traffic roads are often | ||
| 115 | assumed to have negligible impacts. However, small roads are | 115 | assumed to have negligible impacts. However, small roads are | ||
| 116 | ubiquitous in landscapes around the world. We examined the effects of | 116 | ubiquitous in landscapes around the world. We examined the effects of | ||
| 117 | these roads, as well as habitat types, on the activity of three bat | 117 | these roads, as well as habitat types, on the activity of three bat | ||
| 118 | guilds (short-, mid- and long-range echolocators) and the most common | 118 | guilds (short-, mid- and long-range echolocators) and the most common | ||
| 119 | bat species\u00a0Pipistrellus kuhlii. We performed three | 119 | bat species\u00a0Pipistrellus kuhlii. We performed three | ||
| 120 | bat\u00a0acoustic surveys\u00a0between May and October 2015, with | 120 | bat\u00a0acoustic surveys\u00a0between May and October 2015, with | ||
| 121 | these surveys being performed along twenty transects that were each | 121 | these surveys being performed along twenty transects that were each | ||
| 122 | 1000\u202fm long and perpendicular to three roads with different | 122 | 1000\u202fm long and perpendicular to three roads with different | ||
| 123 | traffic volumes. The surveys were performed in dense Mediterranean | 123 | traffic volumes. The surveys were performed in dense Mediterranean | ||
| 124 | woodland (\u201cmontado\u201d) and open agricultural field habitats, | 124 | woodland (\u201cmontado\u201d) and open agricultural field habitats, | ||
| 125 | which were the two dominant land uses. At each transect, bat activity | 125 | which were the two dominant land uses. At each transect, bat activity | ||
| 126 | was simultaneously registered at 0, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000\u202fm | 126 | was simultaneously registered at 0, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000\u202fm | ||
| 127 | from the road with the use of an ultrasound recorder. According to the | 127 | from the road with the use of an ultrasound recorder. According to the | ||
| 128 | generalized linear mixed effects models, the overall activity of bats | 128 | generalized linear mixed effects models, the overall activity of bats | ||
| 129 | and of the short- and mid-range echolocators increased with increased | 129 | and of the short- and mid-range echolocators increased with increased | ||
| 130 | distance from the roads and was dependent on the surrounding habitats. | 130 | distance from the roads and was dependent on the surrounding habitats. | ||
| 131 | In contrast, the long-range echolocators and\u00a0P. kuhlii\u00a0were | 131 | In contrast, the long-range echolocators and\u00a0P. kuhlii\u00a0were | ||
| 132 | more tolerant to road. Our results also show that the activity was | 132 | more tolerant to road. Our results also show that the activity was | ||
| 133 | higher in woodland areas, however road verges seem to be a significant | 133 | higher in woodland areas, however road verges seem to be a significant | ||
| 134 | habitat in an open agricultural landscape. The major negative effects | 134 | habitat in an open agricultural landscape. The major negative effects | ||
| 135 | extended to approximately 300\u202fm from the roads in woodlands and | 135 | extended to approximately 300\u202fm from the roads in woodlands and | ||
| 136 | penetrate further into the open field (>500\u202fm). The management of | 136 | penetrate further into the open field (>500\u202fm). The management of | ||
| 137 | roadside vegetation, combined with the bat habitat improvement in | 137 | roadside vegetation, combined with the bat habitat improvement in | ||
| 138 | areas that are further from the roads, may mitigate the negative | 138 | areas that are further from the roads, may mitigate the negative | ||
| 139 | effects. To make road-dominated landscapes safer for bats, the | 139 | effects. To make road-dominated landscapes safer for bats, the | ||
| 140 | transport agencies need to balance the trade-offs between habitat | 140 | transport agencies need to balance the trade-offs between habitat | ||
| 141 | management and road kill risk.", | 141 | management and road kill risk.", | ||
| 142 | "es": "The effects of roads on bats are still a poorly documented | 142 | "es": "The effects of roads on bats are still a poorly documented | ||
| 143 | issue. Most of the available research focuses on large and | 143 | issue. Most of the available research focuses on large and | ||
| 144 | high-traffic highways, while low-medium-traffic roads are often | 144 | high-traffic highways, while low-medium-traffic roads are often | ||
| 145 | assumed to have negligible impacts. However, small roads are | 145 | assumed to have negligible impacts. However, small roads are | ||
| 146 | ubiquitous in landscapes around the world. We examined the effects of | 146 | ubiquitous in landscapes around the world. We examined the effects of | ||
| 147 | these roads, as well as habitat types, on the activity of three bat | 147 | these roads, as well as habitat types, on the activity of three bat | ||
| 148 | guilds (short-, mid- and long-range echolocators) and the most common | 148 | guilds (short-, mid- and long-range echolocators) and the most common | ||
| 149 | bat species Pipistrellus kuhlii. We performed three bat acoustic | 149 | bat species Pipistrellus kuhlii. We performed three bat acoustic | ||
| 150 | surveys between May and October 2015, with these surveys being | 150 | surveys between May and October 2015, with these surveys being | ||
| 151 | performed along twenty transects that were each 1000 m long and | 151 | performed along twenty transects that were each 1000 m long and | ||
| 152 | perpendicular to three roads with different traffic volumes. The | 152 | perpendicular to three roads with different traffic volumes. The | ||
| 153 | surveys were performed in dense Mediterranean woodland | 153 | surveys were performed in dense Mediterranean woodland | ||
| 154 | (\u201cmontado\u201d) and open agricultural field habitats, which were | 154 | (\u201cmontado\u201d) and open agricultural field habitats, which were | ||
| 155 | the two dominant land uses. At each transect, bat activity was | 155 | the two dominant land uses. At each transect, bat activity was | ||
| 156 | simultaneously registered at 0, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 m from the | 156 | simultaneously registered at 0, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 m from the | ||
| 157 | road with the use of an ultrasound recorder. According to the | 157 | road with the use of an ultrasound recorder. According to the | ||
| 158 | generalized linear mixed effects models, the overall activity of bats | 158 | generalized linear mixed effects models, the overall activity of bats | ||
| 159 | and of the short- and mid-range echolocators increased with increased | 159 | and of the short- and mid-range echolocators increased with increased | ||
| 160 | distance from the roads and was dependent on the surrounding habitats. | 160 | distance from the roads and was dependent on the surrounding habitats. | ||
| 161 | In contrast, the long-range echolocators and P. kuhlii were more | 161 | In contrast, the long-range echolocators and P. kuhlii were more | ||
| 162 | tolerant to road. Our results also show that the activity was higher | 162 | tolerant to road. Our results also show that the activity was higher | ||
| 163 | in woodland areas, however road verges seem to be a significant | 163 | in woodland areas, however road verges seem to be a significant | ||
| 164 | habitat in an open agricultural landscape. The major negative effects | 164 | habitat in an open agricultural landscape. The major negative effects | ||
| 165 | extended to approximately 300 m from the roads in woodlands and | 165 | extended to approximately 300 m from the roads in woodlands and | ||
| 166 | penetrate further into the open field (>500 m). The management of | 166 | penetrate further into the open field (>500 m). The management of | ||
| 167 | roadside vegetation, combined with the bat habitat improvement in | 167 | roadside vegetation, combined with the bat habitat improvement in | ||
| 168 | areas that are further from the roads, may mitigate the negative | 168 | areas that are further from the roads, may mitigate the negative | ||
| 169 | effects. To make road-dominated landscapes safer for bats, the | 169 | effects. To make road-dominated landscapes safer for bats, the | ||
| 170 | transport agencies need to balance the trade-offs between habitat | 170 | transport agencies need to balance the trade-offs between habitat | ||
| 171 | management and road kill risk." | 171 | management and road kill risk." | ||
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